Panya Project 潘亞計劃

Panya Project 潘亞計劃
 

此圖來自潘亞網站The photo is from Panya website

潘亞計劃(Panya Project)是一個樸門教育中心，他們希望可以培育很多樸門的種子在世界各地讓世界變得更美好。
在樸門設計裡的第一步是設定基地目標，潘亞他們設定的目標是”零癈棄物”，所以他們都儘可能也利用這些本來的 “癈棄物”，園區裡設有堆肥廁所(僅大便使用，小便則到處可上順便直接施肥，那裡的地非常貧瘠)、灰水處理系統、廚餘做堆肥及熱水能源或動物餵養、紙類可用來起火或餵養蚯蚓、玻璃類可以拿來做裝飾及建築物門窗或是田窪檔土、塑膠垃圾還是很難處理，縱然他們己經儘可能地重覆使用了，到最後很多都只能暫時理在土裡。

Panya Project is a permaculuture educational center. They like to grow more permaculture seeds all over the world and make the world better.
The first step of permaculture design is to set the purpose. The main design purpose in Panya project is “No Waste”. They have tried their best to use all the “Waste”. Compost toilets (for poo only, pee could be everywhere to fertilize the soil, very sandy there), gray water system, waste foods for compost (that’s also offer biogas, water heater and fertilizer of course) or animals(pigs, chickens, ducks or cats) paper could be used for fire or earthworms, they even use all those glass in making garden and adobe house. But that’s still very difficult for plastic bags even they have tried their best to reuse them.

灰水處理 Gray water system

 廚房灰水 Kitchen gray water
廚房灰水，可能會有油漬，所以先經過一個油漬分離的盒子後，進入第一層過濾
After one box to separate water and oil, the gray water from the kitchen goes to the first layer of filter
第一層主要是過濾未被分離出去的油脂，種一些耐肥的植物在土裡，利用土裡的好氧微生物來分解油脂
Some nitrogen endurable plants are necessary since there will be still some fat from the kitchen remained goes to the soil. Let fungi and aerobic microorganism from the soil decompose the fat.



再來進入第二層，第二層放了很多碎石礫來進行曝氣
then goes to the 2nd layer. Put a lot of gravel to process aeration.



第三層一樣種了很多耐肥的植物如錢幣草在淺水裡進行分解灰水
The 3rd layer A lot of nitrogen endurable plants in the gray water to decompose more..



第四層在這些灰水裡種了很多水中的耐肥植物如布袋蓮、水芙蓉，經過這層的過濾即完成，這之後這些水全收進一塑膠管後可直接澆灌廚房菜園
The 4th layer A lot of nitrogen endurable like Water Hyacinth and water cabbage in the water pond, finish purify the gray water after that the purified water is collected in the pipe and water the kitchen garden.

廚房灰水最後澆灌的廚房菜園The gray water goes to kitchen garden in the end

Graywater from the shower room 浴室的灰水

洗澡間在食物森林區裡，洗澡後灰水直接排入果園澆灌，另一提，洗澡用的熱水有以簡單的太陽能發電的及熱堆肥的方式
Shower rooms set in the fruit forest. And the gray water there will directly go in the fruit forest to fertilize the orchard. They use integral passive solar water heater they made their own (but not available in the night or bad weather) and also hot composting heater for hot water shower.

堆肥熱水器--最前方的黑色塑膠布包著熱堆肥，有塑膠管接出來的水纏繞著後接至後方簡易的茅草浴室供熱水使用，堆肥炭的陳份越高則越持久
Composting heater-- the black plastic in the front wrapped hot composting is winded by water plastic hose with normal water inside. The hose will go into that simple shower hut behind to offer hot water.

簡單的浴室 the simple shower room

太陽能熱水器
這是簡易太陽能熱水器的浴室，浴室是採泥磚建築，共四間(男女各二間)，縱然熱水比較不穩定，但因較舒適的浴室與設備，我們多使用這浴室
simple solar heater shower room: This shower building is adobe construction with 4 shower rooms inside. 2 for male and 2 for female. People mostly use this building for shower even the hot water is not so stable like hot composting heater since much more comfortable facility.

太陽能熱水器(在盼盼拍攝)：裡頭兩個黑桶子內儲熱水，黑色及金屬都較能吸熱，外面的玻璃罩讓太陽的熱進來但出不去solor heater-the black metal tanks take heat from the sun to heat up the water inside. The glass let the heat coming in and stock inside.

浴室 the shower room

 







 廚房用水過濾系統 drinkable water filter system
雨水過濾系統，一水塔上的鍋子接雨水做初歩過濾，接著經過其他的水塔有碳、礫石、小石、砂等，最後有4個水塔做儲存用，這些水僅供廚房使用
Rain water filter system for the water they use in the kitchen only. The tank with several pots collect rainwater first and go through other tanks like chacoal, gravel, sand… and in the end there’re totally 4 tanks to store those clean water.



其他儲水系統 Other water system
這裡使用的水源是雨水及地下水，當雨水不足時就會抽取地下水。
都是砂地，但砂地很難留住水，所以要自然的方式建池塘並不容易，他們有試著養豬來壼出小池塘，現在僅三個月(有經過雨季)，己經可以看出一點點水了
The water source is from the rain water and underground water, they have to use underground water when they finish the rainwater.
It's very sandy place here and not easy to keep water. That's also difficult to make a pond by nature way. They have tried to use pigs to seal the pond. And it seems quite successful. Only in 3 months (including the rainning season) there’s a poodle already.


山上的小水庫
自從去年在山上有用怪手做了小水庫，現在他們在乾季也可進行農耕
Now they could also keep farming in the dry season since they made a reservoir by excavator the hill last year.

煮飯的能源Cooking energy

也做了沼氣瓦斯筒，一筒約可供一天的4人煮食；火箭爐也是很省燃料的。但以上能源很少用只能當備用能源用，因為直接用一般的瓦斯爐比較方便；但做麵包時僅可使用麵包窯，所以麵包窯較有使用
There’re also biogas(that’s could offer to 1 day for 4 people family one tank) and rocket stove available for cooking with less energy, but people use normal gas stove mostly since it’s much more convenient. As for the earthoven , it's the only way to bake big quantities of bread and been used more often.

後面兩層藍桶子為沼氣筒，黃色管子接到旁邊甕上的爐子使用The double barrel behind is the biogas. It's connect to the stove on the urn.

火箭爐 Rocket stove

earthoven(from panya web)麵包窯

堆肥 composting

堆肥廁所 Compost Toilets
我們上完大號加上一些木屑，不用水沖，但因蓋了木屑不會太臭。堆肥廁所共有四間，但同一個時間僅開放二間，另二間封起來堆肥中(致少要半年)，這些完全腐熟的堆肥到最後會運用到施肥給較大的果樹
As for the compost toilets, we don’t flush with water after poopoo but put sawdust instead. It’s not so much smelling after cover with sawdust. There are totally 4 toilets but only 2 toilets available since other 2 toilets stop using for composting (at least half year). Those fully composted poo will go into old fruit trees in the end.



其他堆肥 Other composting
他們用很多方式做農耕，除了基本的覆蓋與混耕外，也有使用BD農法，堆肥除糞便廚餘外，也用蚯蚓堆肥及其液肥
As for the gardening, they try to use so many ways not only multi-planting but also try Bio-dynamic. For fertilizer, not only use the composting from poopoo and kitchen waste but also the liquid after earthworm composting.

蚯蚓堆肥，下方寶特瓶為其液肥 Earthworms composting, the PE bottle under is the liquid for fertilizer

打開蓋子，但平日保持關閉為保溼及遮蔭 Open the lid, but normally always keep it close for keep moisture and shed.

不用的塑膠櫃也可以拿來做蚯蚓堆肥
Recycled plastic cabinet could used for keeping earthworms as well.

很多熱堆肥 a lot of hot composting

目前在食物森林的採收除了香蕉、鳳梨、樹薯、檸檬香茅外其他的並不多，因為這裡穩定的工作人員不足，但地方非常地大，常常做好了來不及維護又得重來，所以他們現在以密集而慢的方式一點一點地外擴展，慢慢地也有一點一點地產出出來。
Not so much harvesting from fruit forest except banana, pineapples, cassavas, lemon grass. Not enough stable man power here for such a big place, they decided to work intensively and slowly from one small area first and move forward while the area is ready. It becomes better and better.



他們這裡也提供一些課程如樸門認證課、自然建築甚至是靈修相關課程，以用來推廣他們的理念及收入進行建設，很多人來這裡學習實務的樸門(不只是上課，也有來當志工的)，我在此當志工時，也碰見從澳洲來的人說是要來學樸門及自然建築，他們說在他們國家學這些東西都太貴了。
They host some educational courses like PDC, nature building or spiritual courses to propogate good ideas and also get some income to cover their cost. Many people from all over the world come here to learn or practice permaculture not only through the course but also through volunteering. Even I met people from Australia to learn permaculture and nature building here since it’s too expensive to learn it in their own country.

Volunteers 志工

每位短期志工來此生活都得交一些費用，但長期志工食宿免費，不過食物僅提供基本的食物，若有人要特別的食物得自己帶或跟他們的"自助小舖"買，我猜這裡自助小舖賣最多的應是他們自己做的啤酒，發現這裡的志工超愛喝啤酒的。這裡的志工人數真得不少，旺季致少有20人吧(長期志工居多)，我們每天早上9:00-12:00一起工作，下午的時間可以參與任何有興趣的專案(都是志工發起的)，志工服務超過一個月者可以參加每二週一次的志工會議，可以開始一些自己有興趣的專案共同討論，這裡很多資料對志工都是開放透明的，雖然這裡沒有網路，但他們有很大的資料庫，志工們可以在裡面找到自己所需要的資料。

自助店舖 help yourself shop

They charge some fee for each short time volunteers but free of charge for long time volunteers with free food and accommodation. But only basic food they offer not for some special or expensive food. Volunteers have to bring their own or buy from their "help yourself shop" if they want some special food . I guess the top sell from their shop must to be beer from their brewery since volunteers here really drink a lot. Normally over 20 volunteers (mostly long term volunteers) here in hot season. We work together in the morning from 9:00-12:00. And people could attend any programs they’re interested in the afternoon. Only the volunteers stayed more than 1 month could attend panya projects meeting every 2 weeks to discuss about some projects run by volunteers. They also offer a very complete data files to share with all volunteers even there’re no internet available.

準備泥土做泥磚屋get mud for making adobe house

廚房工作大家一起輪流負責，共有四組：午餐、整理、膳後、晚餐，但這裡的"整理"組的整理範圍除了廚房外，也包括餐廳等的生活區域
All volunteers will be added to the rota. There are 4 group: cooking Lunch, Dinner, Tidy, Pot Wash. But "Tidy" here is not only for the kitchen but also for the dining room, library &living room. 

每天早上我們轉動轉盤來看看今天工作怎麼輪流
Every morning we spin the board to decide the rota.

而每週一早上開完會是大家一起做全面性大掃除的時間，包含廚房、宿舍、生活區、工作坊等

As for overall cleaning including kitchen, sala, dormitory, workshop…… we all do together every Monday morning after meeting.

早上6:30會有志工分享瑜伽
one volunteer shares yoga(asana) with all volunteer from 6:30in the morning.

早餐可能會有人準備熱開水及水果，桌上備有熱開水、燕麥片、水果，
8:00一到，敲鑼吃飯，大家排長隊拿盤子裝早餐
Hot drinking water, fruits and instant oats available on the table, everybody line in a que to get food from 8:00AM after the bell ringing.

9:00敲鑼開會
Ring the bell for 9:00 morning meeting


吃完飯，可以用這樣省水的方式洗碗
Do the dishes by this way, it’s fast and save water

共有四盆水，第一盆用肥皂水刷碗，第二盆洗去肥皂水，再經過第三盆與第四盆的清洗，碗就洗好了 Totally 4 washbowls, we brush our dish with soap in the 1st washbowl, rinse those soap away in the 2nd washbowl, after rinse the dish in 3rd and 4th washbowl. It's done.

共同黑板，可以記錄每個人的組別、菜園裡或廚房有的食物、採購清單….
Very clear inf on the blackboard about group list, food available in the garden or kitchen , shopping list…..



得先被用掉的食物也要標示出來，這樣做餐的志工才知道
The food should be used first also needed to be know.



他們與社區資源的連結也很不錯縱然這裡都是外國人，且只有兩位固定的工作人員可以講一點泰語，但也是有一位在地人及她的女兒住在這裡也幫忙做一些串連，在測水測土也有大學提供免費測試，而他們的鄰居盼盼(PunPun)也是可以一起分享研究與互相鼓勵的好伙伴 ，因為他們同樣致力於更美好的社會
Their relationship with the community is also good even though most of them are foreigners and only 2 foreigner staffs could speaks Thai. Actually there’s one thai lady with her daughter lives there could also help with their communication. They have friends in the university to help with checking the water and soil. Their neighbor PunPun is also a very good company with them since they also engage in make the world better.


潘亞的參考基地圖 The map of Panya for reference

Doi Chang Village象山村

DoiChiaang 象山村裡的象山咖啡

此圖來自DoiChiaang網站. the photo is from DoiChianng website

象山村位於清萊泰緬邊境金三角範圍的一座山上，屬阿卡族的部落。

Doi Chiang village located in ChiangRai Golden Triangle region of Thailand is a A-Kha Tribe village.

過去這裡的居民以種鴉片維生，為了鼓勵轉種減少鴉片的生產及森林的砍伐，於1983年時泰皇給了他們40顆咖啡豆種子，並指示在很多樹下尤其是夏威夷果樹種咖啡，部落的領導人Piko Saedoo就帶領著大家一起配合種很多樹跟咖啡，泰北山上氣侯較涼很適合咖啡生長，且這裡的水質也是非常好，咖啡樹很快地繁延且是品質非常好的咖啡，歷經了咖啡商的剝屑採購及不肖銷貨(如與其他劣質相混後售出)，20年之後村民們(咖啡農們)決定來自己賣咖啡，Piko他們的家族們就依此提議創辦了咖啡品牌象山咖啡(Doi Chaang Coffee).

 

Doi Chaang coffee mark from their websie象山咖啡的商標.此來自於其網站

It was an area known for its opium production and trade, and many grew the cash crop in order to survive and take care of their families. In 1983, Thailand king Bhumibol Adulyadej gave them 40 Arabica coffee seeds to grow in 1983 and ask them to grow them under trees especially Macadamias trees to encourage crop substitutions to eliminate opium cultivation and slash-and-burn horticulture. The village head Piko Saedoo lead all villagers wok it out and grow a lot of trees as well. The rich soil, very fresh and clean spring water and the cooler weather  helped the coffee to flourish and also very good quality coffee beans come out. After 20 years of cultivating and processing coffee, the farmers grew frustrated selling their high quality beans for minimal prices to coffee dealers who would blend them with other inferior coffee beans. Through their own initiative, Piko’s families decided to directly offer their own organic Arabica coffee and calling themselves  Doi Chaang Coffee.

不久後，他們開始建立出可自立而成功的咖啡加工廠，他們有了自己的咖啡廠房，確保這些好品質的咖啡可以被好好地烘乾加工及儲存，一個在加拿大熱愛咖啡的團體也協助Doi Chaang Coffee推向國際市場，他們以公平交易的方式進行，Doi Chaang Coffee承諾保證提供高檔的有機認證咖啡，而這加拿大團體提供資金、行銷、烘焙並行銷至國際，但Doi Chaang Coffee生產者依然可以在國內進行咖啡銷售，Doi Chaang Coffee生產者他們自己也開了很多門市，除了賣咖啡也賣很多週邊的產品(如夏威夷豆、咖啡袋、咖啡杯…..)，甚至今年也開始嚐試經營民宿。

只收象山的有機咖啡櫻桃Only accept those organic coffee cherries from Doi Chang Village	黃昏後咖啡農排很長的隊賣咖啡櫻桃給象山咖啡，平均一小時收10噸的咖啡櫻桃Afernoon, all those coffee farmers lined in a long que to sale Doi Chaang Coffee. 10 tons of coffee cherries one hour generally.
處理咖啡櫻桃的工廠 The factory dealing with coffee cherries	除了咖啡外 ，也有其他的作物可收. Besides coffee, there're other crops harvesting as well.
挑選咖啡豆 Coffee beans seclection	挑選咖啡豆需要很多人力 A lot of people are needed to select coffee beans

The villagers soon established themselves as independent, successful coffee producers, building their own processing plants, drying facilities, and storage warehouses. Committed to offering Doi Chaang Coffee as an exclusive single-estate, certified-organic Arabica, the growers approached a small Canadian group of coffee enthusiasts to bring Doi Chaang Coffee into the international market. In recognition of the equal value of their contributions, the growers and the Canadian group established an equal partnership for the international distribution of Doi Chaang Coffee. The growers continue to focus on cultivation, processing and domestic sales, while the Canadian group provides financing, marketing, roasting and distribution for the international market. And the growers now also has many shop and café around the Thailand to sale their own coffee and all related products like Macadamias, something from coffee sacks,cups….Even they start a guest house this year.

曬咖啡豆也可以是民宿的特色Drying coffee beans could be one of special in the guest house

咖啡種在樹下的種植方式對環境不會有任何負面的影響，而且有更多的水果、堅果樹、灌木等植物共同生存在森林裡，咖啡樹得到更多樣的植物共存滋養且因為這些遮蔭可以減緩糖份的生成速度而造就出有更濃的咖啡風味，這樣的生產也可以生產更多元的農作，這些食物除了可供自己食用外，也能售出提供族人的經濟上的收入。  

To cultivate the coffee under the canopy of shade trees allows coffee cultivation to expand without any negative impact on the environment. With clear-cut sections from past crop productions now being filled with a variety of fruit and nut trees, bushes and plants, coffee cultivation will expand within the natural setting and continue to receive the benefits of growing under the protection of a canopy of trees. The shade, combined with the high altitudes, slows the bean’s growth allowing the natural sugars to concentrate, providing a more intensely flavored bean. Along with increased productivity, the cultivation methods will continue to provide sustainable agriculture as the canopy allows for the cultivation of various crops which not only provide food, but are also sold to help to support and diversify the community’s economy.

水質非常好Very good quality water	很方便的採收工具，很方便地展開及收起 Very convenient harvesting tool with easy to span and close
森林裡頭的咖啡樹 Coffee trees in the forest	己經是多年的咖啡樹了 old coffee trees
森林裡頭的咖啡樹 Coffee trees in the forest	夏威夷果樹與咖啡Macadamias trees & coffee trees

  

這樣的事業改變了這原本滿是鴉片田及得用更多砍伐森林的方式耕作的村落，現在建構出生態更多樣更永續的山林，也好好地養活了這裡共800多戶的阿卡族村民(約有8000多人)，這也提昇了他們的生活水準及對於身為阿卡族的自尊，不僅是在經濟上的自給自足的大村落，其實如果他們有意願的話，他們是很有條件建立在食、衣、住、教育、醫療上都能自給自足的示範村。

This kind of agriculture and business eliminate opium cultivation and slash-and-burn horticulture. That makes a diversity and sustainable forest village and raises 8,000 people within eight hundred families. Now it helped raise the standard of living and self-respect of the Akha people. Not only the economy self-sufficient, they have a very good condition to establish a healthy self-reliance system in foods, clothing, accommodation, medical and education if they want.

草編屋頂 the leaf roof

 

 

咖啡渣菜園 coffee waste gardening

咖啡工廠處理完的廢棄物也要再處理使用
The waste from the coffee factory should be proper dealing and use 



這裡的人很喜歡用自己的俏像做為公司的商標，DoiChaang Coffee 就是用創辦人Piko Saedoo的俏像
The villagers here love to use their own  picture to be their mark, The mark of DoiChaang Coffee is the picture of the founder Piko Saedoo.

Those pictures are DoiChiaang coffee websie此圖來於象山咖啡網站

來到象山村，會發現村民們的咖啡除了交給象山咖啡外，也有自己直接加工銷售，很多都以自己的俏像作為商標再加上象山的咖啡(不是用Doichaang 而是用Doichang)，其實象山咖啡自己的咖啡豆也是有部份他們會自己烘培後另外再以別的品牌售出。以象山咖啡他們自己為例，Piko Saedoo的一個兒子也有自己烘焙部份他們自己的咖啡豆出售，那商標也是以他的照片做出來的。
The farmers in Doi Chang not only sale their coffee cherries to Doichaang Coffee. They might keep some of them to make coffee beans and sale with their own marks and Doichang Coffee instead of Doichaang Coffee.  The marks always made from their own pictures. For examples of Doi Chaang coffee itself. One of the Piko Saedoo's sons roasts some of their own beans and sale them as his own mark made from his picture.

Piko Saedoo的大兒子李鴻The photo of piko Saedoo's biggest son

Piko Saedoo他們家雖己進入現代文明，但依然保留很多自己本來的生活方式，有時會另外建一些現在化的設備另外給客人使用
Piko Saedoo's family still keep their own living style a lot but sometimes construct another morden equipment for the guests.

Piko Saedoo的老婆，雖然現在年紀很大了，但依舊每天去作農事 She is Piko Saedoo's wife. Now she still walks in the farm everyday even in  old age.